Gallbladder Volvulus

Abstract

Gallbladder volvulus, also known as torsion of the gallbladder, is a rare condition that presents as an acute abdomen. First described by Wendel in 1898 as a "floating gallbladder," it requires urgent surgical intervention. The diagnosis is typically confirmed intraoperatively in most cases. Gallbladder volvulus is extremely rare, accounting for just 1 in 365,000 cases of gallbladder disease. Gallbladder polyps describe several conditions that present as projections into the gallbladder lumen. They may be asymptomatic, or they may be related to symptoms of cholecystitis (right upper abdominal discomfort, nausea and food intolerances). Often gallbladder polyps are found inadvertently on ultrasound or CT scanning or can be incidentally found on pathologic examination of the gallbladder. These polyps can be true neoplastic growths or pseudopolyps of cholesterol balls clinging to the wall of the gallbladder.

Neurotransmitters

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